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(Bloomberg) — Google Inc.’s artificial-intelligence system will be interpreted as a driver by federal regulators, a step toward compliance that would help the tech giant’s self-driving cars hit U.S. roads.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration agrees with Google that its cars “will not have a ‘driver’ in the traditional sense that vehicles have had drivers during the last more than 100 years,” the agency said in a Feb. 4 letter to Chris Urmson, director of the company’s self-driving car project. Google asked NHTSA in a November letter for interpretation of safety standards in cars it seeks to produce without traditional controls, such as a steering wheel or throttle and brake pedals.

“If no human occupant of the vehicle can actually drive the vehicle, it is more reasonable to identify the ‘driver’ as whatever (as opposed to whoever) is doing the driving,” Paul Hemmersbaugh, NHTSA’s chief counsel, said in the letter. In Google’s case, its self-driving system “is actually driving the vehicle,” he wrote.

Google is examining NHTSA’s letter and will come up with a plan for how it proceeds, said Johnny Luu, a company spokesman.

Next Step

“The government will have to study the capabilities of Google’s autonomous tech and be convinced it doesn’t represent a danger,” Karl Brauer, an analyst with researcher Kelley Blue Book, said in an e-mail. “That might take a while if it involves a permanent change to the vehicle code, but the process of getting an exemption would be easier and quicker.”

Alphabet Inc.’s Google is getting mixed signals from federal and state regulators on the path to putting its self- driving cars on the road. California has said the cars aren’t smart enough yet to be sold to the public without a steering wheel, brake pedals, and a licensed driver behind the wheel. U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx last month said automakers will be allowed to apply for exemptions to certain rules as part of an approach to ensure government doesn’t stand in the way of technological progress.

NHTSA sees promise in autonomous-driving technologies helping to bring down the more than 30,000 deaths from motor- vehicle crashes in the U.S. every year. Foxx last month announced a a $4 billion grant program over 10 years to fund pilot projects with automated vehicles.

–With assistance from Jeff Plungis.

To contact the reporters on this story: Craig Trudell in Tokyo at ctrudell1@bloomberg.net; Jack Clark in San Francisco at jclark185@bloomberg.net To contact the editors responsible for this story: Craig Trudell at ctrudell1@bloomberg.net Robert Fenner